Kolektivní podstatná jména – procvičování:
Na Landigo máme také lekci: Hromadná podstatná jména (B1)
The whole crew was really helpful. After landing, we thanked them all.
| Jeden celek: |
The whole crew was helpful.
|
| Jednotliví členové: |
We thanked them all.
|
Kolektivní podstatná jména (crew, family, staff...) označují skupinu lidí:
Kolektivní slovíčka lze někdy brát jako jednotné číslo nebo množné číslo:
| My family is/are important to me. |
Číslo závisí na tom, jestli skupinu bereme jako jeden celek (family IS = it is) nebo jednotlivé členy (family ARE = they are).
What is the new staff like? – They're all very friendly and hardworking.
| Jeden celek: |
What is it like?
|
| Jednotliví členové: |
They're all friendly.
|
Mezi typická kolektivní slovíčka patří:
|
family
|
rodina |
|
crew
|
posádka; personál |
|
staff
|
zaměstnanci; personál |
|
school
|
škola |
|
board
|
rada |
|
committee
|
komise |
Mezi kolektivní slovíčka patří i vlastní jména – názvy sportovních týmů, společností, firem apod.:
Kolektivní slovíčko bereme jako jednotné číslo, pokud se na skupinu lidí díváme jako na jeden celek (= it):
|
Tom's family is (= it/the family as a whole is) really big.
|
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Our club was (= it was) founded in 2016.
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The board of directors uses this room for its meetings.
| Skupina jako jeden celek: |
|
The board uses it for its meetings.
|
Our team is going to win the finals this year. I have no doubt about it!
| Jeden celek: |
|
Our team is going to win.
|
|
It is going to win.
|
Our company wants to find larger office space by the end of the month.
| Jeden celek: |
|
Our company wants to find it.
|
Kolektivní slovíčko bereme jako množné číslo, pokud spíše než o celku mluvíme o individuálních členech skupiny (= they):
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All my family hope (= They/All the family members hope) to go on holiday soon.
|
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The staff are (= They/The staff members are) all under thirty.
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The school are preparing for their final exams in June.
| Jednotliví členové skupiny: |
|
The school are preparing for their exams.
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The target audience of this cartoon were children under ten years of age.
| Jednotliví členové: |
|
The audience were children under ten.
|
|
They were children under ten.
|
The hotel staff has a great manager. They all respect her very much.
| Jeden celek: |
The staff has a manager.
|
| Jednotliví členové: |
They all respect her.
|
Použití slovesa s kolektivními slovíčky se v britské a americké angličtině liší:
Jde o velmi obecné pravidlo – Britové ani Američané se jím striktně neřídí.
Are England playing Wales next week or the week after?
| BrE: | Are England...? |
| AmE: | Is England...? |
It seems like the jury is against us. If you lose, you might go to prison for life.
| AmE: | The jury is... |
| BrE: | The jury are... |
I love your old sneakers! Do Adidas still make them?
| BrE: | Do Adidas...? |
| AmE: | Does Adidas...? |
POLICE (policie) sice označuje skupinu lidí, ale je to obyčejné množné číslo:
|
Police are on the way!
|
Policisté jsou na cestě! |
|
The police know who committed the crime.
|
Policie ví, kdo zločin spáchal. |
Nikoliv: police is; police knows
Watch out. The state police are on every road out of town.
| The police is are... |
PEOPLE (lidé) je množné číslo:
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The local people are quite nice.
|
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Two people were hurt in the accident.
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We met those people when we were living in Australia.
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that those people
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Kolektivní podstatná jména – nejdůležitější body a tip na závěr:
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