Like or as? (B1)

Hlavní přehled

Na Landigo se dnes podíváme na slovíčka LIKE a AS, která se často překládají stejně (= jako). Někdy je používáme s různým významem, jindy můžeme tyto slovíčka zaměnit, aniž by se změnil význam.

Like, as – procvičování:

Další související lekce: As if, as though, like (B1)

As your dad, I have to teach you how to play soccer.

Role:
Like As your dad, I have to teach you.
Podobnost:
As Like me, your uncle will also teach you.
Jako tvůj táta tě musím naučit hrát fotbal.
As your dad, I have to teach you how to play soccer.

Předložky LIKE a AS používáme obvykle v jiných situacích:

Ann looks like (= similar to) her mom 20 years ago.
Ann vypadá jako její máma před dvaceti lety.
As (= In the role of) her mom, I'm proud of her.
Jako její máma jsem na ni pyšná.

Pokud používáme LIKE a AS jako spojky mezi větami, můžeme je někdy zaměnit, aniž by se změnil význam:

Nobody understands me like Ann does.
 Nikdo mi nerozumí tak jako Ann.
Nobody understands me as Ann does.
Podobnost = LIKE

Pokud se něco něčemu podobá, použijeme LIKE:

Like other cyclists, I'm looking forward to spring.
 Podobně jako ostatní cyklisté se těším na jaro.
Jack is tall and strong like me.
 Jack je vysoký a silný jako já.

Neříkáme: as other cyclists, as me

Pokud popisujeme velmi blízkou podobnost/stejnost, použijeme EXACTLY LIKE nebo THE SAME AS:

Her bike looks exactly like mine.
 Její kolo vypadá přesně jako to moje.
My opinion is the same as yours.
 Mám stejný názor jako ty.

Like most teenagers, Kim doesn't like getting up early.

Podobnost:
As Like most teenagers...
Jako většina puberťáků, Kim nerada brzy vstává.
Like most teenagers, Kim doesn't like getting up early.

Your notebook is exactly like John's.

Stejnost:
It's exactly like his.
It's the same as his.
Tvůj notebook je přesně jako ten Johnův.
Your notebook is exactly like John's.

My husband used to be a fitness instructor, just like me.

Just as like me.
Můj manžel býval fitness instruktorem, stejně jako já.
My husband used to be a fitness instructor, just like me.

LIKE se často používá se slovesy typu LOOK, SOUND, SEEM:

Vypadá to jako úplněk.
It looks like a full moon.
Zní to jako husy.
It sounds like geese.
Zdá se, že je to milý člověk.
He seems like a nice man.
Chutná to jako jahody.
It tastes like strawberries.

What was it? It sounded like a lion!

It sounded as like a lion!
It looked like a lion!
It seemed like a lion!
Co to bylo? Znělo to jako lev!
What was it? It sounded like a lion!
Funkce/role = AS

Pokud mluvíme o skutečné funkci, roli nebo pozici, použijeme AS:

It was an honor to serve as your mayor. (= I was your mayor. It was an honour for me.)
 Byla to pro mě čest, sloužit vám jako starosta.
As a politician, he was very popular. (= When he was a politician, he was very popular.)
 Jako politik byl velmi oblíbený.
If you're cold you can use this towel as a blanket.
 Pokud ti bude zima, můžeš ručník použít jako přikrývku.

Steph worked as a primary school teacher for many years.

Skutečná pozice:
work like as a teacher
Steph pracovala mnoho let jako učitelka na základní škole.
Steph worked as a primary school teacher for many years.

We can use this old rag as a cloth to wash the car.

Funkce/K čemu něco slouží:
use it as a cloth
Tento starý hadr můžeme použít k umytí auta.
We can use this old rag as a cloth to wash the car.
As tall as me, as pretty as you...

Pokud chceme říct, že má něco stejné vlastnosti jako něco jiného, použijeme AS ... AS ... (tak ... jako ...):

You're as pretty as Rebecca or maybe even prettier.
 Jsi tak hezká jako Rebeka, nebo možná ještě hezčí.
Travelling by bus isn't as comfortable as travelling by train.
 Cestování autobusem není tak pohodlné jako cestování vlakem.

Neříkáme: as pretty like

Je tak silný jako ty.
He's as strong as you.
Jsou stejně rychlé jako já.
They're as fast as me.
Není tak vysoká jako on.
She's not as tall as him.
Nejsem tak bohatý jako on.
I'm not as rich as him.

We aren't as fit as when we were young.

We aren't as fit as...
as fit like
Už nejsme tak fit jako za mlada.
We aren't as fit as when we were young.
Příklad = LIKE/SUCH AS

Když uvádíme příklad, použijeme hovorovější LIKE nebo formálnější SUCH AS:

Some dogs, like pit bulls, can be very dangerous.
 Někteří psi jako (například) pitbulové, můžou být velmi nebezpeční.
I'll get some sweet fruits such as apples and cherries.
 Koupím nějaké sladké ovoce, jako třeba jablka nebo třešně.

My little sister loves all animals, like dogs, cats, and even spiders!

Hovorovější:
animals like dogs
Formálnější:
animals such as dogs
Moje sestřička má ráda všechna zvířata, jako například psy, kočky, a dokonce i pavouky!
My little sister loves all animals, like dogs, cats, and even spiders!
As you do, like you do...

Pokud něco srovnáváme, použijeme mezi dvěma větami formálnější AS nebo hovorovější LIKE:

Do it exactly as (= in that way that) I show you.
 Udělej to přesně tak, jak ti ukážu.
Nobody plays the guitar like George does.
 Nikdo nehraje na kytaru tak jako George.

Porovnejte:

Nobody plays the guitar like/as George does.
Nobody plays the guitar like George.

Nikoliv: ...as George.

I wish I could travel as Lilly does.

I could travel as Lilly does.
I could travel like Lilly does.
I could travel as like Lilly.
Kéž bych mohla cestovat jako Lilly.
I wish I could travel as Lilly does.

Harry doesn't walk Jack like you did. He only takes him for a walk once a day.

He doesn't walk him like you did.
He doesn't walk him as you did.
He doesn't walk him like you.
Harry nechodí s Jackem jako ty. Bere ho na procházku jen jednou denně.
Harry doesn't walk Jack like you did. He only takes him for a walk once a day.
Příčinné/časové věty = AS

AS, nikoliv LIKE, používáme v tzv. vedlejších větách příčinných:

As (= Since) Lin was sick, we postponed the vacation.
Protože byla Lin nemocná, dovolenou jsme odložili.
As Carlos is a funny guy, we became quite friendly.
 Protože je Carlos zábavný chlapík, docela jsme se skamarádili.

Neříkáme: Like Lin was..., Like Carlos is...

AS, nikoliv LIKE, používáme ve vedlejších větách časových:

As (= While/When) we were driving away, Katy watched us sadly.
 Jak jsme odjížděli, Kady nás smutně pozorovala.
As (= During the time that) Matt was watching a movie, he fell asleep.
 Když se Matt díval na film, usnul.

Neříkáme: Like we were..., Like Matt was...

As I was waiting for the boat, I was listening to a podcast.

Like As I was waiting...
When I was waiting...
During the time that I was...
Jak jsem čekal na loď, poslouchal jsem podcast.
As I was waiting for the boat, I was listening to a podcast.

As there were sharks near the beach, they closed it.

Like As there were sharks, they closed it.
They closed it because there were sharks.
Protože se v blízkosti pláže vyskytovali žraloci, pláž uzavřeli.
As there were sharks near the beach, they closed it.
As if, as though...
It seemed as if she knew the answer.
 Zdálo se, jako by znala odpověď.
He acted as though nothing had happened.
 Dělal, jako by se nic nestalo.

Nikoliv: like if, like though

V hovorové angličtině můžeme použít LIKE místo AS IF/AS THOUGH:

It seemed like she knew it.
He acted like nothing had happened.

Více o spojkách v lekci: As if, as though, like

Everybody looked as if they were having such a good time.

They looked as if they...
They looked as though they...
They looked like they...
Všichni vypadali, že se dobře baví.
Everybody looked as if they were having such a good time.

Like, as – nejdůležitější body:

Předložky
Podobnost: like
Stejnost: exactly like
the same as
Funkce: as
Porovnání: as tall as
Příklad: like
such as
Spojky
Nobody understands me as/like (= in that way that) she does.
As (= Since) he's a funny guy, we became friends.
As (= When) I was driving home, I saw a deer.
It seemed as if/as though/like she knew the answer.

Doporučujeme si procvičit LIKE a AS v našich cvičeních.