Are you...? Do you have...? (A0)

Questions (56)

Otázky

Hlavní přehled

Na Landigo si dnes shrneme základní principy tvorby otázek v angličtině.

Otázky (questions) – procvičování:

Na otázky máme také pokročilejší lekce:

Is it sunny today? = Je dnes slunečno? Se slovesem TO BE (is, are, was...) tvoříme otázku změnou slovosledu:

It is sunny.
 Je slunečno.
Is it sunny?
Je slunečno?
Je dnes slunečno?
Is it sunny today?

Otázku obvykle tvoříme dvěma způsoby:

Are you...? Were you...? Can you...?

Otázku tvoříme změnou slovosledu tak, že dáme sloveso (are, am, can...) před podmět (you, I, John...).

Změnu slovosledu používáme u TO BE:

I am late.
Am I late?
John is late.
Is John late?
She was late.
Was she late?
They were late.
Were they late?
Jsi hladová?
Are you hungry?
Je káva hotová?
Is the coffee ready?
Byla Ann na dovolené?
Was Ann on holiday?
Byla jablka sladká?
Were the apples sweet?

Are you still thirsty? = Máš stále ještě žízeň?

Tvrzení:
You are thirsty.
Otázka:
Are you thirsty?
Máš stále ještě žízeň?
Are you still thirsty?

Změnu slovosledu používáme také u modálních sloves CAN, SHOULD, WOULD... a u WILL:

You can come.
Can you come?
You should come.
Should you come?
He will be late.
Will he be late?
Můžu ti zavolat?
Can I call you?
Mohli bychom si zahrát?
Could we play?
Letěli byste?
Would you fly?
Měla by řídit?
Should she drive?
Smím to zavřít?
May I close it?
Bude pršet?
Will it rain?

Všimněte si, že před podmětem je pouze sloveso CAN, WOULD, WILL...:

She can cook.
Can she cook?
She would cook.
Would she cook?
She will cook.
Will she cook?

Nikoliv: Can cook she?, Would could she?

Will you go to London? = Pojedete do Londýna?

Tvrzení:
You will go to London.
Otázka:
Will you go to London?
Pojedete do Londýna?
Will you go to London?
Do you...? Does he...? Did he...?

S pomocným slovesem DO/DOES/DID tvoříme otázky u vět, které nemají žádné jiné pomocné nebo modální sloveso (is, will, can...), ale pouze slovesa typu LIKE, LIVE, PLAY.

V přítomném čase použijeme DO/DOES + základní tvar slovesa (like, live, travel...):

I like cats.
Do you like cats?
Ben likes cats.
Does Ben like cats?

V minulém čase použijeme DID + základní tvar slovesa:

Ben liked cats.
Did Ben like cats?
Žijí v USA?
Do they live in the USA?
Cestuješ často?
Do you travel often?
Plave dobře?
Does he swim well?
Miluje tě?
Does she love you?
Pracovala jsi?
Did you work?
Zaplatili jsme?
Did we pay?
Spal?
Did he sleep?
Ublížil jsem ti?
Did I hurt you?

Do you want to play with us? = Chceš si s námi hrát?

Tvrzení:
You want to play.
Otázka:
Do you want to play?
Chceš si s námi hrát?
Do you want to play with us?

Did David exercise yesterday? = Cvičil včera David?

Tvrzení:
He exercised.
Otázka:
Did he exercise?
Cvičil včera David?
Did David exercise yesterday?

Otázka někdy začíná na tázací zájmena:

Who is it?
Kdo je to?
What was it?
 Co to bylo?
What colour is it?
 Jaká je to barva?
Which key is it?
 Který je to klíč?
Whose bag is it?
 Čí je to taška?
When will you call?
 Kdy zavoláš?
Where is the room?
 Kde je ten pokoj?
Why are you asking?
 Proč se ptáte?
How are you?
 Jak se máš?

When was the wedding? = Kdy byla svatba?

When was the wedding?
Was when the wedding?
Kdy byla svatba?
When was the wedding?
Otázky v praktických situacích:
1
Seznamování
A0:Cvičení: Seznamování

What is your name? = Jak se jmenuješ?

What is your name?
Is what your name?
Jak se jmenuješ?
What is your name?

Do you speak English? = Mluvíte anglicky?

Tvrzení:
You speak English.
Otázka:
Do you speak English?
Mluvíte anglicky?
Do you speak English?
2
Moje rodina
A0:Cvičení: Moje rodina

Can your son repair cars? = Umí tvůj syn opravovat auta?

Can he repair cars?
Does he can repair cars?
Umí tvůj syn opravovat auta?
Can your son repair cars?

Where did your sister go? = Kam jela tvoje sestra?

Where did she go?
Did she go where?
Kam jela tvoje sestra?
Where did your sister go?
3
Volný čas
A0:Cvičení: Volný čas

Will you come soon? = Přijdeš brzy?

Tvrzení:
You will come.
Otázka:
Will you come?
Přijdeš brzy?
Will you come soon?

Did you like the movie? = Líbil se ti film?

Tvrzení:
You liked it.
Otázka:
Did you like it?
Líbil se ti film?
Did you like the movie?
4
Jídlo a pití
A0:Cvičení: Jídlo a pití

Does your husband eat meat? = Jí tvůj muž maso?

Tvrzení:
He eats meat.
Otázka:
Does he eat meat?
Jí tvůj muž maso?
Does your husband eat meat?

What did your friends cook on Friday? = Co vařili tvoji kamárádi v pátek?

What cooked they did they cook?
Co vařili tvoji kamárádi v pátek?
What did your friends cook on Friday?

Otázky (questions) – shrnutí a tip na závěr: